Tag Archives: NIC Teaming

Link Aggregation Misconceptions

Think you’ll be able to use Link Aggregation Groups (LAG) to turn your four Gigabit links into a single 4 Gigabit link? Well, Link Aggregation might not do the job you think it will do. Listen, I get it. There are a ton of topics that you have to know about to be an effective Virtualization solution designer, and network intricacies might seem pretty far down the list. So here’s the deal.

Link Aggregation, when discussed in a virtualization context, is a process of configuring multiple NIC ports to be able to send and receive traffic for a given network configuration of a vSwitch. To the virtualization host, this means the vSwitch can be sent packets on any of the pNIC ports in the aggregation (when the destination is one of the vNICs connected to the vSwitch). The process of outbound packets is a bit different. Currently, the ESXi hypervisor (5.x) creates a hash of the origin and destination addresses and chooses one of the outbound pNICs based on that hash. Yes, one of the pNICs.  It doesn’t alternate or load balance between the pNICs for any single origin-destination pair.

At the same time, the network device on the other side of the Link Aggregation (usually a physical switch) needs to make the same configuration as far as accepting packets from the aggregated link.  When it sends packets down the aggregated link, it has it’s own rule about which connection it uses.  Typically, this is a hash of MAC or IP addresses (Layer 2 or 3).  Again, this process typically chooses a single link for traffic involving a given origin-destination pair.  Again, no load balancing or bandwidth aggregation for a single origin-destination pair.

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What if there were many endpoints connecting to the vSphere host across a link aggregation?  Well, the more pairs, the better chance that the connections are evenly distributed across the ports.  In that case, there’s a potential bandwidth benefit.

That’s quite different from a simple addition of the two or more ports together.

Link Aggregation on vSwitch0

I got asked about getting Static Link Aggregation working on the default Management Network on vSwitch0, which reminded me of this frustrating incident.  It’s one of those quirks that you have to swallow as a quirk and make sure to remember. Link aggregation on vSwitch0 need special attention.

One of the early tasks that occurs during a deployment is to make sure that the environment has resilience in it’s configuration, especially the fundamental network connections (VM Network, Management Network, vMotion, Storage).  ESXi hosts come initially deployed with VM Network and Management Network set up on vSwitch0.  If you’re working quickly and set up vSwitch0’s Link Aggregation (NIC Teaming tab), expecting it to flow through to the pre-configured networks, you’ll be let down.

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vSwitch0 Management Network NIC Teaming